以前的Apache+mpm_work模式确实不太行,占资源挺多,还容易崩,所以近几年我也在用Nginx,最近因为一些功能如果用Nginx的话则需要多加几个软件支持,所以最近切回Apache了,但感觉也并不差,所以今天全面测试了一下。

模拟服务器的环境:从亲戚那里拿来的报废笔记本一台,配置为

Celeron(R) Dual-Core CPU T3000 @ 1.80GHz

3G内存

160G 7200rpm硬盘

网络是有线局域网100M

操作系统为 Ubuntu 20.4.1,更新了。

 

模拟客户端的机器为

E3-1230 V3

16G ECC

500G ssd+2T hd+2T hd

操作系统 win7 企业版,从不打补丁……

 

Apache2:

Server version: Apache/2.4.41 (Ubuntu)
Server built:   2020-04-13T17:19:17
Server's Module Magic Number: 20120211:88
Server loaded:  APR 1.6.5, APR-UTIL 1.6.1
Compiled using: APR 1.6.5, APR-UTIL 1.6.1
Architecture:   64-bit
Server MPM:     
Server compiled with....
 -D APR_HAS_SENDFILE
 -D APR_HAS_MMAP
 -D APR_HAVE_IPV6 (IPv4-mapped addresses enabled)
 -D APR_USE_SYSVSEM_SERIALIZE
 -D APR_USE_PTHREAD_SERIALIZE
 -D SINGLE_LISTEN_UNSERIALIZED_ACCEPT
 -D APR_HAS_OTHER_CHILD
 -D AP_HAVE_RELIABLE_PIPED_LOGS
 -D DYNAMIC_MODULE_LIMIT=256
 -D HTTPD_ROOT="/etc/apache2"
 -D SUEXEC_BIN="/usr/lib/apache2/suexec"
 -D DEFAULT_PIDLOG="/var/run/apache2.pid"
 -D DEFAULT_SCOREBOARD="logs/apache_runtime_status"
 -D DEFAULT_ERRORLOG="logs/error_log"
 -D AP_TYPES_CONFIG_FILE="mime.types"
 -D SERVER_CONFIG_FILE="apache2.conf"

Nginx:

root@homesvr:/etc/apache2# nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.18.0 (Ubuntu)
built with OpenSSL 1.1.1f  31 Mar 2020
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --with-cc-opt='-g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/nginx-5J5hor/nginx-1.18.0=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fPIC -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2' --with-ld-opt='-Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -fPIC' --prefix=/usr/share/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --pid-path=/run/nginx.pid --modules-path=/usr/lib/nginx/modules --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/body --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/fastcgi --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/proxy --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/scgi --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/uwsgi --with-debug --with-compat --with-pcre-jit --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_slice_module --with-threads --with-http_addition_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_geoip_module=dynamic --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_image_filter_module=dynamic --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_perl_module=dynamic --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_xslt_module=dynamic --with-mail=dynamic --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream=dynamic --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --add-dynamic-module=/build/nginx-5J5hor/nginx-1.18.0/debian/modules/http-headers-more-filter --add-dynamic-module=/build/nginx-5J5hor/nginx-1.18.0/debian/modules/http-auth-pam --add-dynamic-module=/build/nginx-5J5hor/nginx-1.18.0/debian/modules/http-cache-purge --add-dynamic-module=/build/nginx-5J5hor/nginx-1.18.0/debian/modules/http-dav-ext --add-dynamic-module=/build/nginx-5J5hor/nginx-1.18.0/debian/modules/http-ndk --add-dynamic-module=/build/nginx-5J5hor/nginx-1.18.0/debian/modules/http-echo --add-dynamic-module=/build/nginx-5J5hor/nginx-1.18.0/debian/modules/http-fancyindex --add-dynamic-module=/build/nginx-5J5hor/nginx-1.18.0/debian/modules/nchan --add-dynamic-module=/build/nginx-5J5hor/nginx-1.18.0/debian/modules/http-lua --add-dynamic-module=/build/nginx-5J5hor/nginx-1.18.0/debian/modules/rtmp --add-dynamic-module=/build/nginx-5J5hor/nginx-1.18.0/debian/modules/http-uploadprogress --add-dynamic-module=/build/nginx-5J5hor/nginx-1.18.0/debian/modules/http-upstream-fair --add-dynamic-module=/build/nginx-5J5hor/nginx-1.18.0/debian/modules/http-subs-filter --add-dynamic-module=/build/nginx-5J5hor/nginx-1.18.0/debian/modules/http-geoip2

php:

PHP 7.4.3 (cli) (built: May 26 2020 12:24:22) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
    with Zend OPcache v7.4.3, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies

跟PHP其实没多大关系,因为php是固定的php-fpm,两个web服务器都是通过sock文件直连这个php-fpm的,全程下来php-fpm没有任何变动,甚至连重启都没有。

Apache分别测试了prefork和event两个模型,参数配置如下

<IfModule mpm_event_module>
ThreadLimit         256
ServerLimit         256
StartServers         8
MaxClients           10000
ThreadsPerChild     256
MaxRequestsPerChild  10000
</IfModule>



<IfModule mpm_prefork_module>
StartServers          5
MinSpareServers       5
MaxSpareServers      10
MaxClients          150
MaxRequestsPerChild   0

</IfModule>

nginx跟性能有关的参数:

use   epoll; 
worker_connections  20000;

 

ab的命令:

ab -c 1000 -n 10000 http://api.tingtao.org/test.php
ab -c 1000 -n 10000 http://api.tingtao.org/test.txt

分别测试了静态文件和php,一个是phpinfo,一个是随意写了130多K的文本,结果如下

 

nginx:

 

Apache prefork:

 

Apache event:

 

系统状态大体都是一样的:

 

系统状态差别不大,apache的内存多用了5到15M左右,prefork的cpu多了5%到10%左右,其他的基本完全一致,也就没抓图了。

 

 

从数据来看,受限于这个渣渣硬盘,所以几个模式下静态文件的处理也都逼近硬件极限了,没什么区别。

而与php-fpm的通信情况来看,其实也没什么区别,但出人意表的是apache2+mpm_event的效率是最高的,虽然这个差距并不大。

 

后来我猜这个渣硬盘可能会坑爹,于是我把文件放内存里了,同时把web日志全关掉了,又跑了一遍mpm_event和nginx,结果是这样的:

apache mpm_event:

Server Software:        Apache
Server Hostname:        api.tingtao.org
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /test.txt
Document Length:        135555 bytes

Concurrency Level:      1000
Time taken for tests:   196.759 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      1358160000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1355550000 bytes
Requests per second:    50.82 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       19675.884 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       19.676 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          6740.88 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0   19 119.5      3    1080
Processing:   383 18983 3739.2  19327   38574
Waiting:        3 4699 2421.9   4816   13014
Total:        391 19002 3738.4  19352   38594

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%  19352
  66%  20058
  75%  20666
  80%  20824
  90%  21740
  95%  21959
  98%  26565
  99%  29219
 100%  38594 (longest request)
Server Software:        mywebsvr
Server Hostname:        api.tingtao.org
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /test.php
Document Length:        86232 bytes

Concurrency Level:      1000
Time taken for tests:   130.361 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        1003
   (Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 1003, Exceptions: 0)
Total transferred:      863878890 bytes
HTML transferred:       862318890 bytes
Requests per second:    76.71 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       13036.121 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       13.036 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          6471.49 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0   13  98.7      2    3119
Processing:   109 12692 2516.2  13069   20763
Waiting:        4 4712 3119.6   4415   11650
Total:        109 12705 2514.9  13075   20766

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%  13075
  66%  13471
  75%  14125
  80%  14430
  90%  15002
  95%  15491
  98%  17846
  99%  18300
 100%  20766 (longest request)

 

nginx的:

Server Software:        Nginx
Server Hostname:        api.tingtao.org
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /test.txt
Document Length:        135555 bytes

Concurrency Level:      1000
Time taken for tests:   187.040 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      1358100000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1355550000 bytes
Requests per second:    53.46 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       18704.035 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       18.704 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          7090.82 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0   18 115.5      0    3003
Processing:   593 17890 3459.3  18253   34382
Waiting:        0 4099 2316.9   4267   13229
Total:        593 17907 3459.4  18287   34429

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%  18287
  66%  18782
  75%  19318
  80%  19559
  90%  20607
  95%  22027
  98%  23962
  99%  26442
 100%  34429 (longest request)
Server Software:        Nginx
Server Hostname:        api.tingtao.org
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /test.php
Document Length:        85902 bytes

Concurrency Level:      1000
Time taken for tests:   137.439 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        1024
   (Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 1024, Exceptions: 0)
Total transferred:      860548863 bytes
HTML transferred:       859018863 bytes
Requests per second:    72.76 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       13743.941 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       13.744 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          6114.55 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0   13  97.4      0    1045
Processing:   199 13042 2663.9  13388   23753
Waiting:        0 3258 2546.8   2894   12911
Total:        199 13056 2663.2  13400   23753

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%  13400
  66%  13918
  75%  14343
  80%  14551
  90%  15305
  95%  15735
  98%  16230
  99%  18039
 100%  23753 (longest request)

 

这么一来,数据就有意思了,Apache连接php-fpm的性能依然比Nginx高6%左右,而静态文件不出意外的比Nginx低5%左右。

 

这里要特别说明一下的是,细心的你可能会发现Apache的测试经常会显示为“mywebsvr”,这是因为我是按照自己的脚本做的一套完整环境,也就是说Apache其实多加载了十几个测试用不到的模块,这里必然会产生性能损失,所以推测一下的话,如果单纯为了跑分而设置,那么Apache的性能应该会更高一点,也就是说可能完全不输Nginx的。

 

于是我更纳闷了,按我想法来说,性能较低的硬件更能表现出软件的实际处理能力,所以我自己动手测试的结果应该是真实有效的,那么网上各种流传的Nginx性能多牛B,从何体现?又是怎么得出结论的?

 

 

apache服务器性能数据和ab的结果数据是一致的,这肯定骗不了人的。

 

 

所以,个人看法,其实到底哪个更好,这不是最重要的。能得出自己的结论,这才重要。

作者 听涛

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